Digital Desk, New Delhi. George Washington was the first President of America, a great leader of the freedom struggle and the founder of the new nation. Because of his sacrifice, leadership and ideals, he is called the Father of the Nation of America. George Washington was born in British-ruled Virginia. His father was a planter and county court justice. When George was just 11 years old, his father died, leaving him with the financial responsibilities of the family.
Washington did not receive a formal college education. He received basic education at home and from private teachers. He acquired the knowledge of mathematics, geometry and surveying (land measurement) through his own efforts. In 1749 he became the official surveyor of Culpeper County, giving him practical experience and recognition.
From surveyor to military leader
In 1753, Virginia Governor Robert Dinwiddie sent George Washington to warn French forces in the Ohio Valley. With this mission he came into widespread discussion for the first time. He served as a lieutenant colonel in the French and Indian War that lasted from 1754 to 1763. He was praised for his courage and leadership at the Battle of Monongahela. These experiences prepared him as a skilled military leader.
Role in freedom struggle
Washington joined the Continental Congress in 1774 and 1775 to protest the taxes and oppressive policies imposed by Britain. On June 15, 1775, he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army. He maintained the army's morale despite limited resources, harsh winters and early setbacks. The surprise attack on Trenton by crossing the ice-filled Delaware River on the night of December 25, 1776, is one of his most famous military achievements. The decisive victory at Yorktown in 1781 changed the course of the American Revolutionary War and ensured Britain's defeat.
Role in constitution making
In 1776 the Continental Congress awarded him the first Congressional Gold Medal for his leadership at the Battle of Boston. In 1782, Washington established the Badge of Military Merit, which later became the basis for today's famous Purple Heart award. Presiding over the Constitutional Convention held in Philadelphia in 1787, Washington stressed the need for a strong federal government. Under his leadership, the foundation of the American Constitution was laid, which provided stability and direction to the new nation.
In 1789, George Washington was unanimously elected the first President of America. As President he started many important traditions. He developed the cabinet system and appointed Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of Finance, Thomas Jefferson as Secretary of State, and John Jay as the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
domestic and foreign policy
By declaring neutrality in 1793, Washington kept America out of European wars. By suppressing the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 he established the power of the federal government and the rule of law. During his tenure the Bill of Rights came into force, the National Bank was established and many important international treaties were signed.
George Washington voluntarily left the presidency in 1797 after completing two terms. This tradition of peaceful transfer of power later became a strong foundation of American democracy.
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